It is known that the history of Reflexology stretches far into antiquity because illustrations, texts and artefacts show that, in at least some form, manipulation of feet for positive purposes was practised in the ancient cultures of China, Egypt, India, Japan and Russia.
The re-discovery of some form of systemised foot treatment is accredited to Dr. William Fitzgerald, who in 1913 noted that pressure on specific parts of the body could have an anaesthetising effect on a related area. Developing this theory, he divided the body into ten equal vertical zones, ending in the fingers and toes. He concluded that pressure on one part of a zone could effect everything else within that zone.
In 1930s, Eunice Ingham, an American therapist, further developed this zone theory into what is now known as reflexology in western countries (the reflexology practised in China follows Meridian paths instead of the zones). She observed that congestion or tension in any part of the foot is mirrored in the corresponding part of the body.
In short, Reflexology is an ancient technique that uses pressure point massage (usually on the feet, but also on the hands and ears) to restore the flow of energy throughout the entire body. Specially recommended to alleviate tensions and improve blood circulation, this technique provides relaxation and well-being.